TechKnowLab

 Ultrasonic sensors have become increasingly popular in recent years, particularly in the field of IoT. They are used in a wide range of applications such as distance measurement, object detection, and obstacle avoidance. The ultrasonic sensor works by emitting high-frequency sound waves and then measuring the time it takes for the waves to bounce back. This information can then be used to calculate the distance between the sensor and the object. In this article, I will provide a complete guide on using an ultrasonic sensor with Arduino. I will discuss the principles behind ultrasonic sensors and provide a step-by-step guide on how to connect and use the ultrasonic sensor with Arduino. I will also provide a circuit diagram and complete code to help you get started. Principles Behind Ultrasonic Sensors HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensors work by emitting high-frequency sound waves that are beyond the range of human hearing. These sound waves bounce off any object in their path an...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the interconnection of devices, vehicles, buildings, and other items that can be embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity to collect and exchange data. IoT has become an integral part of our daily lives, and with its rapid growth, there has been a surge in the development of affordable, easy-to-use, and versatile IoT devices. One such device is Arduino, an open-source hardware and software platform designed for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control the physical world. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore everything you need to know about Arduino for IoT, from its basics to its advanced applications. Introduction to Arduino Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It is designed to be used by anyone, regardless of their technical expertise. Arduino can be used to create a wide range of interactive devices, from simple L...

Common Arduino Problems: If you're an Arduino enthusiast, you know how much fun it can be to tinker with the microcontroller and create exciting projects. But, like any other technology, Arduinos can sometimes run into problems. In this article, we'll explore some of the most common Arduino problems and provide practical solutions to help you get back to your project in no time.   Introduction Arduino is a popular open-source electronics platform that allows users to create interactive electronic projects. It's simple to use, cost-effective and has an active community of users and developers. However, like any other technology, it's prone to problems. In this article, we'll discuss some of the most common Arduino problems and provide solutions to help you troubleshoot them. Common Arduino Problems and Solutions Problem #1: The Arduino Won't Power On One of the most common Arduino problems is the board not powering on. This issue can be caused...

 LDR/Photo-resister with Arduino: This articles aims to show the reader how to use an LDR, also known as a photo-resistor in their projects.  How to use an LDR with Arduino After reading this article, the reader will be able to connect and read a photo-resistor, and use the code in their future projects! Components Needed Arduino Breadboard Jumper Wires (Male to Male) Photoresistor 1x 220 Ohm resistor Wire all the components as per the circuit diagram given below. How do we measure resistance The LDR varies its resistance based on light hitting it, and the Arduino technically only reads voltages, so how do we measure resistance? We are not REALLY measuring the resistance in this circuit, instead we are creating a resistor divider network between the LDR and the resistor, which will vary the voltage directly based on the LDRs value. We then read the voltage out of the divider network and print that value. Code //Variables int inPin = A0 ; //Pin the sensor is connected to ...

 PWM using Arduino: In this article we will look at Pulse-Width Modulation, how to use the Arduino to generate it, and what it does.  How to use the Arduino to generate Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) You will understand what PWM is, and how to use the Arduino to generate it. We will do this by dimming an LED. An LED is a Light Emitting Diode, and it can only be connected one way. If you connect it in reverse, it will not work at all. You can distinguish the polarity of an LED in two ways. Firstly, there will be a longer leg and a shorter leg on the LED. The longer leg is positive and the shorter leg is negative. Sometimes however, the leg length may not be easily visible. For instance, if you have cut the legs shorter for a different project, or bent them for a breadboard. In this case, you can use the second method. The second method is to look at the plastic body of the LED. You will notice one side of it is FLAT. This signifies the NEGATIVE side of the LED. Components Requir...

 This article shows how to create serial connection through USB between your Arduino and your computer in order to monitor the status of a switch.  Components Required Arduino Board Bread Board Jumper Wires Momentary switch or Push Button 10k ohm resistor Computer with Arduino IDE Circuit and Connections 3 wires should be connected to the board. The first two, red and black, allow access to the 5 volt supply and ground by connecting to the two lengthy vertical rows on the side of the breadboard. Digital pin 2 and one of the push button's legs are connected by the third wire. Through a pull-down resistor (10k ohm in this case), the button's identical leg is connected to ground. The button's opposite leg is wired to the 5 volt supply.  When you press a pushbutton or switch, it connects two points in a circuit. The pin is linked to ground (through the pull-down resistor) and reads as LOW, or 0. When the pushbutton is open (not pressed), there is no connection between the two...

 The on-board LED is blinking in this example, which demonstrates the simplest thing you can do with an Arduino to observe physical output.  Components Required   Arduino board LED (optional) 220 ohm resistor  Breadboard Computer: PC/Laptop Arduino IDE installed on computer Circuit This illustration makes use of the built-in LED found on most Arduino boards. The number of the digital pin that this LED is attached to can change from one type of circuit board to another. We have a constant that is mentioned in each board descriptor file to make your life simpler. The built-in LED may be readily controlled thanks to the constant LED. The constant's relationship to the digital pin is seen here.  D13 - 101 D13 - Due D1 - Gemma D13 - Intel Edison D13 - Intel Galileo Gen2 D13 - Leonardo and Micro D13 - LilyPad D13 - LilyPad USB D13 - MEGA2560 D13 - Mini D6 - MKR1000 D13 - Nano D13 - Pro D13 - Pro Mini D13 - UNO D13 - Yún D13 - Zero You must assemble this circuit...

 This Article shows you how to read analog input from the physical world using a potentiometer. A potentiometer (also called pot for short) is a straightforward mechanical device whose shaft may be twisted to vary the resistance it offers. You may measure the amount of resistance a potentiometer produces as an analogue value by applying voltage to the potentiometer and into an analogue input on your board. In this post, you will establish serial communication between your Arduino and a computer running the Arduino Software (IDE) and then check the status of your potentiometer.  Components Required Arduino Board Bread Board Jumper Wires Potentiometer - 10k Ohm Computer/Laptop with Arduino IDE Circuit The potentiometer's three wires must be connected to your board. The first connects to ground from one of the potentiometer's outer pins. The second connects to 5 volts from the potentiometer's other outside pin. The third connects the analogue pin A0 to the potentiometer'...